Herb Greene, whose evocative portraits of the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, Janis Joplin and others helped define the rock scene that emerged in San Francisco in the mid-1960s, died on March 3 at his home in Maynard, Mass. He was 82.
His wife, Ilze Greene, said the cause was pancreatic cancer.
Mr. Greene pursued music portraiture in his spare time while working for about a dozen years in the 1960s and ’70s, as a fashion photographer for the Joseph Magnin department store and the men’s wear retailer Cable Car Clothiers.
Instead of photographing concerts, which did not interest him, he invited bands and musicians to various studios in San Francisco, including one he had on Front Street, and to his apartment, where some of them stood in front of a dining room wall filled with hieroglyphics drawn by a roommate with knowledge of Egyptology.
His pictures of the Dead, a favorite subject, include Jerry Garcia, the band’s leader, in a vest and tie, playing a banjo while seated on a stool, with a wall-sized American flag behind him; Ron McKernan, the Dead’s organist, known as Pigpen, striking a threatening pose in front of Mr. Garcia; and the band on the corner of Haight and Ashbury Streets, in the district known as a center of the hippie counterculture.
“Herbie was there at the very beginning, so he was able to make documents that nobody else did,” Dennis McNally, a historian of the Dead, said in a phone interview. “His name got out, and when Led Zeppelin passed through on their first tour of the United States, they asked to be captured by Herbie.”
Mr. Greene worked with Led Zeppelin in January 1969, when the band had just released its first album and wanted publicity photos.
“I didn’t give them much direction,” he told Rolling Stone in 2014 when it published pictures from the shoot. “These guys were on the road and really didn’t want to be there. I had 40 minutes, so I took individual portraits and a group shot.”
During his session with Led Zeppelin, in a former theater, the Dead showed up unexpectedly. At one point, Pigpen took a .22-caliber revolver from its holster and started firing into the seats.
“It absolutely freaked Zeppelin out,” Mr. Greene said in a video interview with the Morrison Hotel Gallery in Manhattan, which exhibited his photographs in 2012. “They didn’t pay me. They were just like, ‘Those Westerners and their guns.’”
“This is my best story,” he added. “The day the Grateful Dead freaked out Led Zeppelin.”
Some of Mr. Greene’s photographs were used on album covers. One of the best known was a group portrait of Jefferson Airplane that became the cover of the band’s second album, “Surrealistic Pillow” (1967), which included the hits “White Rabbit” and “Somebody to Love.”
Another picture from the same shoot showed the band’s singer Grace Slick, with her back to the hieroglyphic wall, giving the camera her right middle finger. Ms. Slick, who said that she did not like to pose for pictures, made the gesture “because it’s a pose I can deal with,” she told Rolling Stone in 2004, when it named the shot one of the 50 greatest rock photos.
She added, “It’s so unpleasant, but it’s not like I’m doing any fake smiling.”
Unlike Ms. Slick, Janis Joplin smiled for Mr. Greene’s camera. In a shot taken during a walk with Mr. Greene in his neighborhood in San Francisco, she wore a top hat, a flower-print dress and a dark jacket.
Herbert Bower Greene was born on April 3, 1942, in Indio, Calif., in the Coachella Valley, and grew up on his family’s pear orchard in Medford, Ore., and then in Yuba City, in Northern California. His father, John, worked for fruit-packing companies before buying the orchard. His mother, Lupe (Valencia) Greene, managed the home.
Herbie was interested in art while in high school. But when painting classes frustrated him, a teacher suggested shifting to photography. He studied the subject at City College of San Francisco and then attended San Francisco State College (now University), where he studied anthropology but did not graduate.
In the early 1960s, at a beatnik coffeehouse in San Francisco called Coffee & Confusion, he met Mr. Garcia, who at the time was playing with the Sleepy Hollow Hog Stompers, a bluegrass band, and would help form the Grateful Dead (originally known as the Warlocks) in 1965.
In 1964, Mr. Greene married Maruska Jiranek, who worked as an assistant to the rock impresario Bill Graham. After he and Ms. Jiranek divorced in 1981, Mr. Greene moved into a townhouse in San Francisco with a friend and her roommate, Ilze Kaneps, whom he married in 1983.
In addition to his wife, Mr. Greene is survived by their daughter, Charlotte Greene; another daughter, Eden Tavares, from his marriage to Ms. Jiranek; two granddaughters; and his sisters, Delfina Greene and Rene Cress.
Mr. Greene got to know the Dead better when he brought his camera for a short visit to Olompali, a ranch in Marin County that the band rented for about six weeks in the spring of 1966, and where they partied and played music.
“I figured I would take a picture of the band or something,” he told The San Francisco Chronicle in 2020. “But there wasn’t just one band to take a picture of as the party got going. They were all there — the Airplane, Big Brother and the Holding Company, Quicksilver Messenger Service and the Charlatans.”
Mr. Greene’s photographs at Olompali include revelers dancing, some of them naked, to the live music.
Besides the famous photos he took in the 1960s, Mr. Greene’s projects included his Grammy Award-nominated art direction of the Pointer Sisters’ 1974 album, “That’s a Plenty,” including a back-cover photo of the quartet dressed as if they were going to church; the photo of Sly Stone seemingly leaping in the air on the cover of his 1975 album, “High on You”; the cover shot of seven pairs of eyes for the Dead’s 1987 album, “In the Dark”; and the inside portrait of Bob Dylan and the members of the Dead for their 1989 live album, “Dylan & the Dead.”
Mr. Greene also published two picture-filled books about the Dead: “Sunshine Daydreams: A Grateful Dead Journal” (1991) and “Dead Days: A Grateful Dead Illustrated History” (1996).
Despite his immersion in the Dead, Mr. Greene said it was his 1968 studio photo of someone else — a young, soulful-looking Rod Stewart — that retained the greatest hold on him.
“There’s something about it,” he said in the Morrison Hotel Gallery interview. “If I die and I gotta go to St. Peter, and I’ve gotta take one piece to get in, it would be that.”
